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Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 5 spans about 181 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 5 is the 5th largest human chromosomes, yet has one of the lowest gene densities. This is partially explained by numerous gene-poor regions that display a remarkable degree of non-coding and syntenic conservation with non-mammalian vertebrates, suggesting they are functionally constrained.〔(Home - Homo sapiens )〕 Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 5 likely contains between 900 and 1,300 genes. Because chromosome 5 is responsible for many forms of growth and development (cell divisions) changes may cause cancers. One example would be acute myeloid leukemia (AML). ==Genes== The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 5: * ADAMTS2: ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 2 * APC: adenomatosis polyposis coli * CAST: Calpastatin * EGR1: early growth response protein 1 * ERAP1: endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (previously called ARTS-1) * ERAP2: endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 * DTDST: diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter * ERCC8: excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 8 * FGFR4: fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 * GM2A: GM2 ganglioside activator * HEXB: hexosaminidase B (beta polypeptide) * IRX1: Iroquois-class homeodomain protein (human) * MASS1: monogenic, audiogenic seizure susceptibility 1 homolog (mouse) * MCCC2: methylcrotonoyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 2 (beta) * MEF2C: Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C * MTRR: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase * NIPBL: Nipped-B homolog (Drosophila) * NSD1: Transcription coregulator protein * Pikachurin: Responsible for the functioning of the ribbon synapses; allows the eye to track moving objects * SLC22A5: solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 5 * SLC26A2: solute carrier family 26 (sulfate transporter), member 2 * SH3TC2: domain and tetratricopeptide repeats 2 * SMN1: survival motor neuron 1, telomeric * SMN2: survival motor neuron 2, centromeric * SNCAIP: synuclein, alpha interacting protein (synphilin) * SPINK5: serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (LEKTI) * SPINK6: serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 6 * SPINK9: serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 9 (LEKTI-2) * TCOF1: Treacher Collins-Franceschetti syndrome 1 * TGFBI: keratoepithelin * TTC37: Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 37 * FGF1: fibroblast growth factor 1 (acidic fibroblast growth factor) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chromosome 5 (human)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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